Magento Database is a nice little monster when you compare it to some other eCommerce platform. It is like that mostly due EAV architecture. Following articles speak about various database topics.
Programmatically create upsell, cross sell and related products in Magento
This article will explain how to add upsell, cross sell and related products programmatically to Magento. One of practical examples would be data migration from some other ecommerce system to Magento. You can read a nice article on how to add upsell, cross sell and related products from administration here. It explains what all these product relations mean and where are they used on the site.
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